Skip to main content
Topic

Keto

Ketogenic Diet and Nutritional Ketosis

Keto (short for ketogenic) is a very low-carbohydrate diet—typically under 20-50g of carbs per day—that shifts your body's primary fuel source from glucose to fat. When carbohydrate intake is low enough, your liver produces ketones from fat, which your brain and body can use for energy. This metabolic state, called nutritional ketosis, is completely different from the dangerous condition called ketoacidosis. For people with diabetes, keto can dramatically simplify blood sugar management by reducing the need for insulin and eliminating the major cause of blood sugar spikes. Many with type 2 diabetes achieve remission on keto, while those with type 1 often reach near-normal blood sugar levels with far less insulin and greater stability.

  Article (2)

  Video (2)

  Book (3)

  Research (11)

5-Year effects of a novel continuous remote care model with carbohydrate-restricted nutrition therapy including nutritional ketosis in type 2 diabetes: An extension study

A L McKenzie, S J Athinarayanan, Van Tieghem MR, B M Volk, C G Roberts, R N Adams, J S Volek, S D Phinney, S J Hallberg

Diabetes research and clinical practice 2024

A 5‑year very‑low‑carb, remote‑care program for type 2 diabetes showed durable benefits: 20% remission among completers, 33% reached HbA1c <6.5% with no meds or only metformin, alongside less medication and improved heart‑risk markers.

Dietary carbohydrate restriction as the first approach in diabetes management: Critical review and evidence base

Richard D. Feinman, Wendy K. Pogozelski, Arne Astrup, Richard K. Bernstein, Eugene J. Fine, Eric C. Westman, Anthony Accurso, Lynda Frassetto, Barbara A. Gower, Samy I. McFarlane, Jörgen Vesti Nielsen, Thure Krarup, Laura Saslow, Karl S. Roth, Mary C. Vernon, Jeff S. Volek, Gilbert B. Wilshire, Annika Dahlqvist, Ralf Sundberg, Ann Childers, Katharine Morrison, Anssi H. Manninen, Hussain M. Dashti, Richard J. Wood, Jay Wortman, Nicolai Worm

Nutrition 2015

This paper argues that restricting carbs should be the first-line diet for diabetes because it quickly lowers blood sugar, improves key health markers, and often reduces medications—without proven long‑term harms comparable to drugs.

Effects of a low carbohydrate diet on energy expenditure during weight loss maintenance: randomized trial

C B Ebbeling, H A Feldman, G L Klein, J M Wong, L Bielak, S K Steltz, P K Luoto, R R Wolfe, W W Wong, D S Ludwig

BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2018

Tired of regaining weight after dieting? Research shows that a low-carb diet significantly boosts your daily calorie burn—up to 478 calories for those with high insulin secretion—making long-term weight maintenance dramatically easier.

Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet in adults with type 1 diabetes management: A single arm non-randomised clinical trial

Jessica L Turton, Grant D Brinkworth, Helen M Parker, David Lim, Kevin Lee, Amy Rush, Rebecca Johnson, Kieron B Rooney

PLOS ONE 2023

Low‑carb, dietitian‑guided eating in type 1 diabetes improved HbA1c, time‑in‑range, and cut insulin—without more hypos or ketoacidosis. Short‑term, promising, needs larger trials.

Lower‑carb guidance in a UK GP practice led to 46% drug‑free type 2 diabetes remission and 93% normalization of prediabetes, with significant drops in HbA1c, weight, BP, and triglycerides.

Notes of a diabetic case.

John Rollo

Royal College of Physicians of London 1796

A 1797 case report by John Rollo describes treating diabetes with a strict animal‑based, low‑carbohydrate diet and monitoring urine sugar, noting rapid symptom improvements.

Therapeutic Carbohydrate Reduction in Type 1 Diabetes

Beth McNally, Amy Rush, Franziska Spritzler, Dr Caroline Roberts, Andrew Koutnik

2024

Therapeutic carbohydrate reduction (low-carb to very low‑carb) in type 1 diabetes can lower blood sugars, reduce insulin needs, and improve A1C—often with fewer highs and lows—when done with proper medical oversight. This comprehensive guide (96 page) available in full text is an excellent paper to bring to your doctor.